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eidentified,mainlyenrichedinpathwayssuchaslinoleicacidmetabolism,unsaturatedfattyacidbiosynthesisandsphingolipidmetabolism.Conclusions:Theanalysisindicatedthatunderdifferentcarbonate-saline-alkalineconcentrations,diploidandtriploidcruciancarpprimarilyenrichedinmetabolicpathwayssuchasglycerophospholipidmetabolism,sphingolipidmetabolism,andunsaturatedfattyacidbiosynthesis.Withincreasingcarbonate-alkalineconcentrations,hemolyticphospholipidsassociatedwithcellapoptosisweresignificantlyupregulatedandsphingolipidmetabolismrelatedtoinflammationwasmoresignificantlyenrichedintriploidcruciancarp,indicatingthattriploidcruciancarpexhibitedsignificantsensitivitytohighcarbonate-saline-alkalinestressandpoorercarbonate-saline-alkalinetolerance.Theresultsofthisstudyprovidedascientifictheoreticalbasisforthelatercultivationandaquacultureresearchofsaline-alkaline-tolerantfishspecies.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueMetabolicPhysiologyUnderEnvironmentalCoercion)20pes,883KiB OpenAccessArticleEvaluatingtheSafetyClimateinConstructionProjects:ALongitudinalMixed-MethodsStudybyMiaomiaoNiuandRobertM.LeichtBuildings2024,14(12),4070;doi.org/10.3390/buildings(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractSafetyclimatehasbeenextensivelystudiedusingsurvey-basedapproaches,providingsignificantinsightsintosafetyperceptionsandbehiors.However,understandingitsdynamicsinconstructionprojectsrequiresmethodsthataddresstemporalandtrade-specificvariability.Thisstudyemploysalongitudinal,mixed-methodsdesigntoexploresafetyclimate[...]Readmore.Safetyclimatehasbeenextensivelystudiedusingsurvey-basedapproaches,providingsignificantinsightsintosafetyperceptionsandbehiors.However,understandingitsdynamicsinconstructionprojectsrequiresmethodsthataddresstemporalandtrade-specificvariability.Thisstudyemploysalongitudinal,mixed-methodsdesigntoexploresafetyclimatedynamics.QuantitativedataanalyzedwithANOVArevealedstableoverallsafetyclimatescoresacrossprojectphases,whileItemResponseTheory(IRT)identifiedsurveyitemssensitivetosafetyclimatechanges.Positiveperceptionswereassociatedwithmanementcommitmentandregularsafetymeetings,whilenegativeperceptionshighlightedchallengessuchasworkplacecongestionandimpracticalsafetyrules.Qualitativedatafromsemi-structuredinterviewsuncoveredtrade-specificandphase-specificsafetychallenges,includingissuestiedtositelogisticsandworkforcedynamics.Forinstance,transitioningfromstructuraltointeriorworkintroducedcongestion-relatedrisksandlogisticalcomplexities,underscoringtheneedforphase-adaptedstrategies.Thiscombinationofquantitativestabilityandqualitativevariabilityprovidesempiricalevidenceofsafetyclimatedynamicsinconstruction.Thefindingsemphasizetheimportanceoftailoringsafetyinterventionstoaddresstrade-specificandphase-specificrisks.Thisstudyadvancestheunderstandingofthesafetyclimateindynamicworkenvironmentsandoffersactionablerecommendationsforimprovingconstructionsafetymanementthroughtargeted,proactivestrategies.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueOccupationalSafetyandHealthinBuildingConstructionProject)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure117pes,1209KiB OpenAccessArticleChangesinGinsenosideComposition,AntioxidantActivityandAnti-InflammatoryActivityofGinsengBerrybyPuffingbyYou-JeongLee,Jae-SungShin,Seon-MinOh,Ji-EunBae,Sang-JinYe,HyungjaeLee,WookiKimandMoo-YeolBaikFoods2024,13(24),4151;doi.org/10.3390/foods(registering DOI)-21Per favore aspetta... | CloudflareDec2024AbstractTheeffectsofpuffingontheginsenosidecompositionaswellasantioxidantandanti-inflammatoryactivitiesofginsengberrywereinvestigatedtoincreasetheutilizationofginsengberry.Therewasnosignificantdifferenceinextractionyieldbetweenthecontrolandpuffedsamplesatall[...]Readmore.Theeffectsofpuffingontheginsenosidecompositionaswellasantioxidantandanti-inflammatoryactivitiesofginsengberrywereinvestigatedtoincreasetheutilizationofginsengberry.Therewasnosignificantdifferenceinextractionyieldbetweenthecontrolandpuffedsamplesatallmoisturecontentsandpressureconditions(p<0.05).Majorginsenosidesofginsengberry(especiallyginsenosideRe)weredegradedthroughdeglycosylationanddehydrationbyheatandpressure,andnewminorginsenosides(Rg3,F2,Rh2andRb2)wereproducedafterpuffing.Puffedginsengberriesshowedhighertotalphenoliccontent(TPC),totalflonoidcontent(TFC)andMaillardreactionproducts(MRPs)thanthoseofthecontrolgroup,andthesecontentswereincreasedaspuffingpressureincreased.Inaddition,higherantioxidantactivitieswereobservedinpuffedginsengberriescomparedtothecontrols,possiblyduetotheincreaseinTPCandMRPs.Antioxidantactivityincreasedwithincreasingpuffingpressureatallmoisturecontents.Nitricoxide(NO)productionshowednosignificantinhibitoryeffectbetweencontrolandpuffedginsengberries(p<0.05).Inthecaseofinflammatorycytokines,IL-6hadaninhibitoryeffect,butTNF-αhadnoinhibitoryeffect.Consequently,puffingshowedapositiveeffectonthecompositionandthetransformationofginsenosidesaswellastheantioxidantactivityofginsengberries,suggestingthatpuffedginsengberriescanbeusedasahighvalue-addedfoodmaterial.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionFoodNutrition)9pes,2296KiB OpenAccessArticleImprovementoftheThermalPerformanceoftheGaN-on-SiMicroweHigh-Electron-MobilityTransistorsbyIntroducingaGaN-on-InsulatorStructurebyLuHao,ZhihongLiu,HanghaiDu,ShengleiZhao,HanWang,JinchengZhangandYueHaoMicromachines2024,15(12),1525;doi.org/10.3390/mi(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractGaN-on-Sihigh-electron-mobilitytransistorsheemergedasthenextgenerationofhigh-poweredandcost-effectivemicrowedevices;however,thelimitedthermalconductivityoftheSisubstratepreventstherealizationoftheirpotential.Inthispaper,aGaN-on-insulator(GNOI)structureisproposedtoenhancetheheat[...]Readmore.GaN-on-Sihigh-electron-mobilitytransistorsheemergedasthenextgenerationofhigh-poweredandcost-effectivemicrowedevices;however,thelimitedthermalconductivityoftheSisubstratepreventstherealizationoftheirpotential.Inthispaper,aGaN-on-insulator(GNOI)structureisproposedtoenhancetheheatdissipationabilityofaGaN-on-SiHEMT.ElectrothermalsimulationwascarriedouttoanalyzethethermalperformanceoftheGNOI-on-SiHEMTswithdifferentinsulatordielectrics,includingSiO2,SiC,AlN,anddiamond.ThethermalresistanceoftheHEMTswasfoundtobeabletobeobviouslyreducedandtheDCperformanceofthedevicecanbeobviouslyimprovedbyremovingthelow-thermal-conductivityIII-nitridetransitionlayerandformingaGNOI-on-SistructurewithSiC,AlN,ordiamondasthebondinginsulatordielectrics.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionD1:SemiconductorDevices)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4---Figure522pes,1889KiB OpenAccessArticleTheAcquisitionofBranchingOnsetsinSimultaneousFrench–PortugueseBilingualChildren:TheEffectofe,Langue,ClusterType,andDominancebyLetíciaAlmeida,MargaridaPossidónioandMarianaCastroLangues2024,9(12),384;doi.org/10.3390/langues(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractTheliteratureonbilinguallanguedevelopmentoftenreportscasesofcross-linguisticinteractionofthetwolanguesbeingacquired.Inthispaper,weinvestigatepossiblecross-linguisticinteractionoutputsinthedevelopmentofbranchingonsetsinthebilingualacquisitionofFrenchandPortuguese.ThirtyFrench–Portuguese[...]Readmore.Theliteratureonbilinguallanguedevelopmentoftenreportscasesofcross-linguisticinteractionofthetwolanguesbeingacquired.Inthispaper,weinvestigatepossiblecross-linguisticinteractionoutputsinthedevelopmentofbranchingonsetsinthebilingualacquisitionofFrenchandPortuguese.ThirtyFrench–Portuguesebilingualchildren,edbetween3;6and6;1,participatedinourstudy.Theirelicitedproductionswerecollectedusingtwopicturenamingtaskscontaining29clustersinFrenchand57clustersinPortuguese.AlmostallthechildrenacquirebranchingonsetsearlierinFrenchthaninPortuguese,independentlyofthequalityofclustertype(Consonant+Rhotic(Cr)clustersvs.Consonant+Lateral(Cl)clusters).EpenthesisismorepresentinPortuguesethaninFrench.Sharedstructuresinbothlanguesarenotacquiredatthesametime.Theseresultsshowthatbilingualchildrenfollowseparatepatternsofdevelopment,closetotheonesreportedformonolinguals,duringtheacquisitionoftheirtwolangues.Moreover,thebilingualchildrenshowhigherratesofdevelopmentofclustersinPortuguesethantheonesreportedformonolinguals,suggestinganacceleratedacquisitionofclustersinPortugueseduetoapositiveinfluenceofFrench.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueResearchMethodsforExploringtheRoleofInputinChildBilingualDevelopment)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4---Figure516pes,1837KiB OpenAccessArticleHemogram-BasedPhenotypesoftheImmuneResponseandCoulopathyinBluntThoracicTraumabyAlexandruEmilBăetu,LilianaElenaMirea,CristianCobilinschi,IoanaCristinaGrințescuandIoanaMarinaGrințescuJ.Pers.Med.2024,14(12),1168;doi.org/10.3390/jpm(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractBackground:Bluntthoracictraumapossessesuniquephysiopathologicaltraitsduetothecomplexinteractionofimmuneandcoulationsystemsinthelungtissue.Hemogram-basedratiossuchasneutrophil-to-lymphocyte(NLR),platelet-to-lymphocyte(PLR),neutrophil-to-lymphocyte×platelet(NLPR)ratioshebeenstudiedasproxiesforimmune[...]Readmore.Background:Bluntthoracictraumapossessesuniquephysiopathologicaltraitsduetothecomplexinteractionofimmuneandcoulationsystemsinthelungtissue.Hemogram-basedratiossuchasneutrophil-to-lymphocyte(NLR),platelet-to-lymphocyte(PLR),neutrophil-to-lymphocyte×platelet(NLPR)ratioshebeenstudiedasproxiesforimmunedysregulationandsurvivalintrauma.Wehypothesizedthatbluntthoracictraumapatientsexhibitdistinctpatternsofcoulationandinflammationabnormalitiesidentifiablebytheuseofreadilyailablehemogram-derivedmarkers.Methods:Thepresentstudyrepresentsaretrospectiveobservationalanalysisthatincluded86patientswithbluntthoracictraumafromasinglehigh-volumelevelonetraumacenter.Theprimaryoutcomewasmortalitypredictioninbluntthoracictraumapatientsusingthesederivedbiomarkers.Secondaryoutcomesincludedphenotypesoftheimmuneresponseandcoulopathyandthepredictionofnon-fataladverseevents.Results:AU-shapeddistributionofmortalitywasfound,withhighratesofearlydeathsinpatientswithanNLPRvalueof<3.1andhighratesoflatedeathsinpatientswithNLPR>9.5.Asubgroupofbluntthoracictraumapatientsexpressingmoderateinflammationandinflammation-inducedhypercoulationobjectifiedasNLPRbetween3.1and9.5mayheasurvivalbenefit(p<0.0001).TheNLPRcut-offforpredictingearlydeathsandtheneedformassivetransfusionwas3.1(sensitivity=80.00%andspecificity=71.05%).Conclusions:Thesefindingssuggestthatbluntthoracictraumapatientsexhibitdistinctphenotypesoftheimmuneresponseandcoulopathyfromtheearlystes.Acontrolled,balancedinteractionofimmune,coulation,andfibrinolyticsystemsmighteffectivelyachievetissuerepairandincreasesurvivalinthoracictraumapatientsandshouldbesubjecttofurtherresearch.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssuePrecisionMedicineintheIntensiveCareUnit)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4---Figure5---Figure6---Figure723pes,3194KiB OpenAccessArticleTheUseofHybridCNN-RNNDeepLearningModelstoDiscriminateTumorTissueinDynamicBreastThermographybyAndrésMunguía-Siu,IreneVergaraandJuanHoracioEspinoza-RodríguezJ.Iming2024,10(12),329;doi.org/10.3390/jiming(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractBreastcancerisoneoftheleadingcausesofdeathforwomenworldwide,andearlydetectioncanhelpreducethedeathrate.Infraredthermographyhasgainedpopularityasanon-invasiveandrapidmethodfordetectingthispathologyandcanbefurtherenhancedby[...]Readmore.Breastcancerisoneoftheleadingcausesofdeathforwomenworldwide,andearlydetectioncanhelpreducethedeathrate.Infraredthermographyhasgainedpopularityasanon-invasiveandrapidmethodfordetectingthispathologyandcanbefurtherenhancedbyapplyingneuralnetworkstoextractspatialandeventemporaldataderivedfrombreastthermographicimesiftheyareacquiredsequentially.Inthisstudy,weevaluatedhybridconvolutional-recurrentneuralnetwork(CNN-RNN)modelsbasedonfivestate-of-the-artpre-trainedCNNarchitecturescoupledwiththreeRNNstodiscerntumorabnormalitiesindynamicbreastthermographicimes.ThehybridarchitecturethatachievedthebestperformancefordetectingbreastcancerwasVGG16-LSTM,whichshowedaccuracy(ACC),sensitivity(SENS),andspecificity(SPEC)of95.72%,92.76%,and98.68%,respectively,withaCPUruntimeof3.9s.However,thehybridarchitecturethatshowedthefastestCPUruntimewasAlexNet-RNNwith0.61s,althoughwithlowerperformance(ACC:80.59%,SENS:68.52%,SPEC:92.76%),butstillsuperiortoAlexNet(ACC:69.41%,SENS:52.63%,SPEC:86.18%)with0.44s.OurfindingsshowthathybridCNN-RNNmodelsoutperformstand-aloneCNNmodels,indicatingthattemporaldatarecoveryfromdynamicbreastthermographsispossiblewithoutsignificantlycompromisingclassifierruntime.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueDeepLearninginBiomedicalImeSegmentationandClassification:Advancements,ChallengesandApplications)20pes,7057KiB OpenAccessReviewSustainablericultureThroughriculturalWasteManement:AComprehensiveReviewofComposting’sImpactonSoilHealthinMoroccanriculturalEcosystemsbyMajdaOueldLhaj,RachidMoussadek,AbdelmjidZouahri,HatimSanad,LailaSaafadi,MeriemMdarhriAlaouiandLatifaMouhirriculture2024,14(12),2356;doi.org/10.3390/riculture(registering DOI)-21Dec2024Abstractriculturalactivitiesgeneratesubstantialquantitiesofwaste,whichareoftenrelegatedtolandfillsorincineration.However,theseresiduescanbeeffectivelyvalorizedthroughcomposting,whichtransformsthemintovaluableorganicfertilizers(OF).Compostingriculturalwaste(AW)mitigatesenvironmentalimpactsandofferssignificantbenefits[...]Readmore.riculturalactivitiesgeneratesubstantialquantitiesofwaste,whichareoftenrelegatedtolandfillsorincineration.However,theseresiduescanbeeffectivelyvalorizedthroughcomposting,whichtransformsthemintovaluableorganicfertilizers(OF).Compostingriculturalwaste(AW)mitigatesenvironmentalimpactsandofferssignificantbenefitsinenhancingsoilfertilityandproductivity.Thispracticeisparticularlybeneficialinregionswithlowsoilfertilityanddegradedland,wherecompostcanimprovesoilhealthandproductivity.ThisreviewprovidesacomprehensiveanalysisoftheliteratureonthevalorizationofAWthroughcomposting,focusingonitsenvironmental,ricultural,andeconomicimpactsonsoilhealth,especiallyinMorocco’sriculturalecosystems.Itsynthesizesfindingsfromstudiespublishedoverthepasttwodecadestooffercriticalinsightsandrecommendationsforoptimizingcompostingpractices.Bysystematicallyevaluating,thisreviewhighlightscompostingasapivotalstrategyforenhancingsoilhealth,reducingenvironmentalimpact,andpromotingsustainableAWmanement.Futureresearchisessentialtoexploreopportunitiesforoptimizingthecompostingprocess,includingcontentenhancementandprocessingduration.Insummary,thecompostingprocesscanbeseenasaneffectiveandsustainablesolutionthatfitswithintheprinciplesofcirculareconomy(CE)andthatrequirescarefulevaluationandongoingmonitoring.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueHumicSubstancesandCompostinriculture:Types,PropertiesandApplication)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4---Figure514pes,355KiB OpenAccessArticlePerceptionsofStressAmongPrimarySchoolTeachersTeachingStudentswithSpecialEducationalNeedsbyMajdaSchmidt,JasminaDenšaandJocaZurcSustainability2024,16(24),;doi.org/10.3390/su2(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractDespiteinclusiveeducationbeinghighontheendaofeducationalsystemsworldwideandpartofinternationallegislationandpolicy,particularlythe2030endaforSustainableDevelopment,whichemphasisesinclusionandequalityasthebasisforqualityeducationforall,thereisstilla[...]Readmore.Despiteinclusiveeducationbeinghighontheendaofeducationalsystemsworldwideandpartofinternationallegislationandpolicy,particularlythe2030endaforSustainableDevelopment,whichemphasisesinclusionandequalityasthebasisforqualityeducationforall,thereisstillaneedtoidentifyhowteachersinregularschoolswhoteachstudentswithspecialeducationalneeds(SENs)experiencetheirwork.ThisstudyinvestigatesthemostsignificantstressorsforprimaryschoolteachersteachingstudentswithSENs.Inaddition,thisstudysetsouttodeterminewhetherthereweredifferencesregardingstressbetweenteachersbasedontheirdemographiccharacteristicsandthetypeofSENsinthestudentstheyteach.Theempiricalstudy,basedonasampleof120Slovenianteachers(89.2%females),showedthatalackofprofessionalcompetency,classroomwork,personalbeliefs,andtheburdenofadministrativeworkwerethemostsignificantperceivedstressorswhenteachingstudentswithSENsinregularprimaryschool.Regardingstudents’behiourandclassroomwork,differenttypesofSENswerealsofoundtocausesignificantdifferencesinstressperception.ThestudyrevealedthatteachingexperienceandteachertraininginSENscouldbecrucialstressreducersforprimaryschoolteacherswhoteachstudentswithSENs.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueInnovationandSustainabilityinInclusiveEducation)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,98KiB)23pes,2471KiB OpenAccessArticleASimplifiedIntegrativeApproachtoAssessingProductiveSustainabilityandLivelihoodsinthe“AmazonianChakra”inEcuadorbyBolierTorres,MarceloLuna,CristhianTipán-Torres,PatriciaRamírez,JulioC.MuñozandAntónGarcíaLand2024,13(12),2247;doi.org/10.3390/land(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractThisstudyintegratestheSustainableLivelihoodsFramework(SLF)andtheSustainabilityAssessmentofFoodandricultureSystems(SAFA)toevaluatethesustainabilityandlivelihooddynamicsoftheAmazonianChakrasystem,recentlydesignatedasaGloballyImportantriculturalHeriteSystem(GIAHS)bytheFAO.[...]Readmore.ThisstudyintegratestheSustainableLivelihoodsFramework(SLF)andtheSustainabilityAssessmentofFoodandricultureSystems(SAFA)toevaluatethesustainabilityandlivelihooddynamicsoftheAmazonianChakrasystem,recentlydesignatedasaGloballyImportantriculturalHeriteSystem(GIAHS)bytheFAO.Usingdatafrom330producersacrossthreeassociations(Kallari,Wiñak,andTsatsayaku)intheEcuadorianAmazon,thestudyemployeddiscriminantanalysistoassessgovernance,environmentalintegrity,economicresilience,socialwell-being,andlivelihoodcapitals.Resultsrevealedsignificantdisparitiesacrossassociationsinkeysustainabilitydimensions.KallariandWiñakdemonstratedstrongergovernance,environmentalintegrityandeconomicresilience,linkedtomatureorganizationalstructuresandeffectivegovernancemechanisms.Incontrast,Tsatsayakuexcelledindemographicdiversityandlargerlandholdingsbutlgedingovernanceandenvironmentalpractices.Extremepovertyaffected82%ofhouseholds,withTsatsayakuhingthelowestrate(69%)comparedtoWiñak(89%)andKallari(87%).Chakraincomecontributedsignificantlytolivelihoods,accountingfor44%oftotalincomeinKallari,37%inWiñak,butonly16%inTsatsayaku,whoseproducersreliedmoreonoff-farmactivitiesandlivestock.TheintegrationofSLFandSAFAmethodologiesofferedanuancedunderstandingofsustainability,highlightingtheimportanceofgovernance,financialstrategies,andenvironmentalconservationinpromotingresilience.Policiesshouldprioritizeparticipatorygovernance,markettransparency,andcreditaccesstoaddressdisparitiesandstrengthensustainability.ThesefindingsunderscorethecriticalroleoftheAmazonianChakraasasustainableroforestrysystem,providingeconomicandculturalbenefits,whileemphasizingtheneedfortailoredinterventionstoenhancethesustainabilityofAmazonianproducerassociations.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionLand,Biodiversity,andHumanWellbeing)18pes,4312KiB OpenAccessArticleFCB-YOLOv8s-Seg:AMalignantWeedInstanceSegmentationModelforTargetedSprayinginSoybeanFieldsbyZishangYang,LeleWang,ChenxuLiandHeLiriculture2024,14(12),2357;doi.org/10.3390/riculture(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractEffectivemanementofmalignantweedsiscriticaltosoybeangrowth.ThisstudyfocusesonaddressingthecriticalchallengesoftargetedsprayingoperationsformalignantweedssuchasCirsiumsetosum,whichseverelythreatensoybeanyieldinsoybeanfields.Specifically,thisresearchaimsto[...]Readmore.Effectivemanementofmalignantweedsiscriticaltosoybeangrowth.ThisstudyfocusesonaddressingthecriticalchallengesoftargetedsprayingoperationsformalignantweedssuchasCirsiumsetosum,whichseverelythreatensoybeanyieldinsoybeanfields.Specifically,thisresearchaimstotacklekeyissuesinplantprotectionoperations,includingthepreciseidentificationofweeds,thelightweightdeploymentofsegmentationmodels,real-timerequirementsforsprayingoperations,andthegeneralizationabilityofmodelsindiversefieldenvironments.Toaddressthesechallenges,thisstudyproposesanimprovedweedinstancesegmentationmodelbasedonYOLOv8s-Seg,namedFCB-YOLOv8s-Seg,fortargetedsprayingoperationsinsoybeanfields.TheFCB-YOLOv8s-Segmodelincorporatesalightweightbackbonenetworktoacceleratecomputationsandreducemodelsize,withoptimizedSqueeze-and-ExcitationNetworks(SENet)andBidirectionalFeaturePyramidNetwork(BiFPN)modulesintegratedintothenecknetworktoenhanceweedrecognitionaccuracy.Datacollectedfromrealsoybeanfieldsceneswereusedformodeltrainingandtesting.TheresultsofablationexperimentsrevealedthattheFCB-YOLOv8s-Segmodelachievedameanereprecisionof95.18%forboundingboxpredictionand96.63%forsegmentation,markinganincreaseof5.08%and7.43%overtheoriginalYOLOv8s-Segmodel.Whilemaintainingabalancedmodelscale,theobjectdetectionandsegmentationaccuracyofthismodelsurpassotherexistingclassicmodelssuchasYOLOv5s-Seg,Mask-RCNN,andYOLACT.ThedetectionresultsindifferentscenesshowthattheFCB-YOLOv8s-Segmodelperformswellinfine-grainedfeaturesegmentationincomplexscenes.Comparedwithseveralexistingclassicalmodels,theFCB-YOLOv8s-Segmodeldemonstratesbetterperformance.Additionally,fieldtestsonplotswithvaryingweeddensitiesandoperationalspeedsindicatedaneresegmentationrateof91.30%,whichis6.38%higherthantheoriginalmodel.Theproposedalgorithmshowshigheraccuracyandperformanceinpracticalfieldinstancesegmentationtasksandisexpectedtoprovidestrongtechnicalsupportforpromotingtargetedsprayoperations.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueFromPlantingtoHarvesting:TheRoleofriculturalMachineryinCropCultivation)13pes,5886KiB OpenAccessArticleTheInfluenceofPhysiologicalBloodClotonOsteoblasticCellResponsetoaChitosan-Based3DScaffold—APilotInvestigationbyNatachaMaluMirandadaCosta,HilaryIgnesPalmaCaetano,LarissaMirandauiar,LudovicaParisi,BenedettaGhezzi,LisaElviri,LeonardoRaphaelZuardi,PauloTambascodeOliveiraandDanielaBazanPaliotoBiomimetics2024,9(12),782;doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractBackground:Theuseofexvivoassaysassociatedwithbiomaterialsmayallowtheshort-termvisualizationofaspecificcelltyperesponseinsertedinalocalmicroenvironment.Bloodisthefirstcomponenttocomeintocontactwithbiomaterials,providingbloodclotformation,beingsubstantial[...]Readmore.Background:Theuseofexvivoassaysassociatedwithbiomaterialsmayallowtheshort-termvisualizationofaspecificcelltyperesponseinsertedinalocalmicroenvironment.Bloodisthefirstcomponenttocomeintocontactwithbiomaterials,providingbloodclotformation,beingsubstantialinnewtissueformation.Thus,thisresearchinvestigatedthephysiologicalbloodclot(PhC)patternsformedin3Dscaffolds(SCAs),basedonchitosanand20%beta-tricalciumphosphateanditseffectonosteogenesis.Initially,SCAwereinsertedfor16hinratscalvariadefects,and,afterthat,osteoblastscells(OSB;UMR-106linee)wereseededonthesubstrateformed.ThegroupstestedwereSCA+OSBandSCA+PhC+OSB.CellviabilitywascheckedbyMTTandmineralizedmatrixformationinOSBusingalizarinred(ARS).Thealkalinephosphatase(ALP)andbonesialoprotein(BSP)expressioninOSBwasinvestigatedbyindirectimmunofluorescence(IF).TheOSBandPhCmorphologywasverifiedbyscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM).Results:TheSCA+PhC+OSBgroupshowedgreatercellviability(p=0.0169).After10days,therewasmoremineralizedmatrixdeposition(p=0.0365)andhighALPimmunostaining(p=0.0021)intheSCA+OSBgroup.Incontrast,BSPwasmoreexpressedinOSBseededonSCAwithPhC(p=0.0033).Conclusions:ThesefindingsshowthefeasibilityofusingPhCinexvivoassays.Additionally,itsinclusionintheexperimentsresultedinachangeinOSBbehiorwhencomparedtoinvitroassays.This“closertonature”environmentcancompletelychangethescenarioofastudy.Fullarticle9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,191KiB)14pes,4492KiB OpenAccessArticleConjugatedHumanSerumAlbumin/Gold-SilicaNanoparticlesasMultifunctionalCarrierofaChemotherapeuticDrugbyElenaMorrone,LucieSancey,FabienDalonneau,LoredanaRicciardiandMassimoLaDedaInt.J.Mol.Sci.2024,25(24),;doi.org/10.3390/ijms1(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractWereportthedesignanddevelopmentofanovelmultifunctionalnanostructure,RB-AuSiO2_HSA-DOX,wheretri-modalcancertreatmentstrategies—photothermaltherapy(PTT),photodynamictherapy(PDT),chemotherapy—luminescentpropertiesandtargetingareintegratedintothesamescaffold.Itconsistsofagoldcorewithopticaland[...]Readmore.Wereportthedesignanddevelopmentofanovelmultifunctionalnanostructure,RB-AuSiO2_HSA-DOX,wheretri-modalcancertreatmentstrategies—photothermaltherapy(PTT),photodynamictherapy(PDT),chemotherapy—luminescentpropertiesandtargetingareintegratedintothesamescaffold.Itconsistsofagoldcorewithopticalandthermo-plasmonicpropertiesandiscoveredbyasilicashellentrappingawell-knownphotosensitizerandluminophore,RoseBengal(RB).ThenanoparticlesurfacewasdecoratedwithHumanSerumAlbumin(HSA)throughacovalentconjugationtoconferitstargetingabilitiesandasacarrierofDoxorubicin(DOX),oneofthemosteffectiveanticancerdrugsinclinicalchemotherapy.Theobtainednanostructurewasfullycharacterizedthroughtransmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM),dynamiclightscattering(DLS)andUV-visiblespectroscopy,withahomogeneousandsphericalshape,anerediameterofabout60nmandnegativeζ-potentialvalueSingletoxygengenerationandphotothermalpropertieswereexploredundergreenlightirradiation.TheinteractionbetweenDOX-HSAanchoredonthenanoplatformwasinvestigatedbyfluorescencespectroscopyandcomparedtothatofDOX-HSA,pointingoutdifferentaccessibilityofthedrugmoleculestotheHSAbindingsites,whethertheproteinisfreeorboundtothenanoparticlesurface.Tothebestofourknowledge,therearenostudiescomparingadrug–HSAinteractionwiththatofthesameproteinanchoredtonanoparticles.Furthermore,theuptakeofRB-AuSiO2_HSA-DOXintoMDA-MB-231mammarycellswasassessedbyconfocaliming,highlighting—atearlytimeofincubationandasdemonstratedbytheincreasedDOXluminescencedisplayedwithincells—abetterinternalizationofthecarriedanticancerdrugcomparedtothefreeone,makingtheobtainednanostructureasuitableandpromisingplatformforananticancermultimodalapproach.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueExternalStimuli-ResponsiveNanomaterialsforDinosisandTreatment)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4---Figure5attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,1075KiB)21pes,KiB OpenAccessArticleEarly-SteIMTreatmentwiththeHost-DerivedImmunostimulantCPDI-02IncreasesCurativeProtectionofHealthyOutbredMiceainstSubcutaneousInfectionwithCommunity-AcquiredMethicillin-ResistantStaphylococcusaureusUSA300byJasonP.Stewart,CalebM.Sandall,JacobE.Parriott,StephenM.Curran,RussellJ.McCulloh,DonaldR.Ronning,JoyA.Phillips,RobinSchroeder,ChristyNeel,KellyF.Lechtenberg,SamuelM.Cohen,YazenAlnouti,SohelDaria,D.DidSmithandJosephA.VetroPharmaceutics2024,16(12),1621;doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractBackground/Objectives:Community-acquiredmethicillin-resistantStaphylococcusaureus(CA-MRSA)greatlycomplicatesthetreatmentofskinandsofttissueinfections(SSTI).Itwaspreviouslyfoundthatsubcutaneous(SQ)treatmentwiththemononuclearphocyte(MP)-selectiveactivatorcomplementspeptide-derivedimmunostimulant-02(CPDI-02;formerlyEP67)andincreasesprophylaxisofoutbred[...]Readmore.Background/Objectives:Community-acquiredmethicillin-resistantStaphylococcusaureus(CA-MRSA)greatlycomplicatesthetreatmentofskinandsofttissueinfections(SSTI).Itwaspreviouslyfoundthatsubcutaneous(SQ)treatmentwiththemononuclearphocyte(MP)-selectiveactivatorcomplementspeptide-derivedimmunostimulant-02(CPDI-02;formerlyEP67)andincreasesprophylaxisofoutbredCD-1miceainstSQinfectionwithCA-MRSA.Here,wedeterminediftreatmentwithCPDI-02alsoincreasescurativeprotection.Methods:FemaleCD-1micewerechallengedSQwithCA-MRSAUSA300LAC,thenCPDI-02orinactivescCPDI-02wasadministeredbyatopical,SQ,IM,orIVrouteat6or24hpost-challenge.Abscesssizeswerecomparedover10daysandCA-MRSAburden,neutrophils,MP,andpro-inflammatorycytokineswerecomparedinsubcutaneousabscesses.CPDI-02PKanddistributioninfemaleCD-1micewerecomparedafterIMorIVdosingandCPDI-02toxicityinmaleandfemaleCD-1micewasdeterminedbyIMdoseescalationandrepeatIMdosing.Results:RepeatIMtreatmentstartingat6hpost-challengedecreasedmaximumabscesssurfacearea,CA-MRSAburden,andtimetoresolution,whereasrepeattreatmentbyatopical,SQ,orIVroutehadnoeffect.Repeattreatmentstartingat24hpost-challengewasineffectivebythecurrentroutes.SingleIMtreatmentstartingat6hpost-challengewasaseffectiveasrepeatIMtreatment,increasedsystemicexposuretoCPDI-02,and,insubcutaneousabscesses,initiallydecreasedIL-1βandincreasedMP.CPDI-02wastoleratedbetween130and170mg/kgafterIMdoseescalationandbetween65and130mg/kgafterrepeatIMdosingwithmalesbeingmoretolerant.Conclusions:Singleearly-steIMtreatmentwithCPDI-02mayincreasecurativeprotectionainstSSTIcausedbyCA-MRSAand/orotherpathogenscontrolledbyactivatedMP.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionPharmacokineticsandPharmacodynamics)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4---Figure5---Figure6---Figure718pes,KiB OpenAccessReviewIme-GuidedMusculoskeletalInterventionalRadiologyinthePersonalisedManementofMusculoskeletalTumoursbyHasaamUldin,IbrahimKanbour,AnishPatelandRajeshBotchuJ.Pers.Med.2024,14(12),1167;doi.org/10.3390/jpm(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractMusculoskeletalime-guidedinterventionalradiologyplaysakeyroleindinosingandtreatingarangeofconditions.Recentadvancesheyieldedawidevarietyofproceduresthatcanbeappliedselectivelyandenablethepersonalisationofpatientcare.Thisreviewaimstooutlinethe[...]Readmore.Musculoskeletalime-guidedinterventionalradiologyplaysakeyroleindinosingandtreatingarangeofconditions.Recentadvancesheyieldedawidevarietyofproceduresthatcanbeappliedselectivelyandenablethepersonalisationofpatientcare.Thisreviewaimstooutlinetheindications,applications,andtechniquesofsubspecialistmusculoskeletaloncologyinterventionalproceduresthatwereusedatourtertiaryreferralcentrewithafocusonhowthesemaybeusedtopersonalisepatientmanement.Theapplicationsofarangeofdinosticandtherapeuticime-guidedinterventionalproceduresincludingdifferentmethodsofboneandsofttissuesampling,ablation,andaugmentationproceduresacrossdifferenttypesofpatientsandpathologiesarereviewed.Tosupplementthereviewedliterature,weincludedourownexperienceandradiologyimesretrospectivelycollectedfromourPictureArchivingandCommunicationSystem(PACS).Wedemonstratehowtherangeofmusculoskeletalime-guidedinterventionsprovideflexibilityinthedinosisandmanementofdifferenttumoursacrossdifferentpatientpopulations.Thisstudyprovidesthemusculoskeletalinterventionalradiologistwithinsightintohowtoappropriatelyutlilisedifferenttechniquestooptimisethedinosis,treatmentandpalliationoftumours.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueInterventionalRadiology:TowardsPersonalizedMedicine)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,432KiB)20pes,3105KiB OpenAccessReviewBindingMoleculesinTickSalivaforTargetingHostCytokines,Chemokines,andBeyondbyChamberttanSouzaDesidério,VictorHugoPalharesFlávio-Reis,YoMarcosPessoa-Gonçalves,RafaelDestroRosaTiveron,HelioswiltonSales-Campos,AndreiGiacchettoFelice,SiomardeCastroSoares,RhainerGuillermo-Ferreira,WellingtonFranciscoRodriguesandCarloJoséFreireOliveiraBiomolecules2024,14(12),1647;doi.org/10.3390/biom(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractTickshecoevolvedwiththeirhostsovermillionsofyears,developingtheabilitytoevadehemostatic,inflammatory,andimmunologicalresponses.Salivarymoleculesfromthesevectorsbindtocytokines,chemokines,antibodies,complementsystemproteins,vasodilators,andmoleculesinvolvedincoulationandplateletgregation,among[...]Readmore.Tickshecoevolvedwiththeirhostsovermillionsofyears,developingtheabilitytoevadehemostatic,inflammatory,andimmunologicalresponses.Salivarymoleculesfromthesevectorsbindtocytokines,chemokines,antibodies,complementsystemproteins,vasodilators,andmoleculesinvolvedincoulationandplateletgregation,amongothers,inhibitingorblockingtheiractivities.Initiallystudiedtounderstandthecomplexitiesoftick–hostinteractions,thesemoleculeshebeenmorerecentlyrecognizedfortheirpotentialclinicalapplications.Theirabilitytobindtosolublemoleculesandmodulateimportantphysiologicalsystems,suchasimmunity,hemostasis,andcoulation,positionsthemaspromisingcandidatesforfuturetherapeuticdevelopment.Thisreviewaimstoidentifythebindingmoleculespresentinticksaliva,determinetheirprimarytargets,andexplorethetickspeciesinvolvedintheseprocesses.Byassociatingthebindingmolecules,themoleculestowhichtheybind,andtheeffectcaused,thereviewprovidesabasisforunderstandinghowthesemoleculescancontributetopossiblefutureadvancesinclinicalapplications.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueCytokineSignalinginImmunityandImmuneCell-MediatedDiseases)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,105KiB)24pes,1250KiB OpenAccessSystematicReviewTheEffectofXanthineOxidaseInhibitorsinthePreventionandTreatmentofStroke:ASystematicReviewandMeta-AnalysisbyLinBai,GerhardLitscherandXiaoningLiJ.Cardiovasc.Dev.Dis.2024,11(12),409;doi.org/10.3390/jcdd(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractBackground:Xanthineoxidaseinhibitors(XOIs)mayhelppreventstroke.However,heterogeneitycanbefoundintheconclusionsofdifferentstudies.Therelevantevidencewassummarizedinthissystematicreviewandmeta-analysistofurtherclarifytheroleofXOIsinthepreventionandtreatment[...]Readmore.Background:Xanthineoxidaseinhibitors(XOIs)mayhelppreventstroke.However,heterogeneitycanbefoundintheconclusionsofdifferentstudies.Therelevantevidencewassummarizedinthissystematicreviewandmeta-analysistofurtherclarifytheroleofXOIsinthepreventionandtreatmentofstroke,withafocusonevaluatingtheeffectsofXOIsinprimaryandsecondarypreventionofstroke,acutestroketreatment,andreductionofpost-strokecomplications.Methods:Randomizedcontrolledtrials(RCTs)orcohortstudiesontheeffectofXOIsinthepreventionandtreatmentofstrokeweresearchedinPubMed,EMBASE,andCochraneLibraryfrominceptionto3March2024,alongwithhandsearching.TheanalyseswerecarriedoutusingReviewManer5.4.Results:Theanalysisincluded14studies(115,579patients).WhileXOIsdidnotsignificantlyreducetheriskofstroke(RR:0.89;95%CI:0.59–1.34),theyimprovedpost-strokefunctionaloutcomes,withareductioninthemodifiedRankinscalescores(meandifference:−0.6;95%CI:−0.8to−0.4),decreasedintercellularadhesionmolecule-1levels(meandifference:−15.2ng/mL;95%CI:−22.3to−8.1),improvedaugmentationindex(AIx)by4.2%(95%CI:2.5–5.9%),reducedcentralbloodpressure(meanreduction:4.8mmHg;95%CI:2.6–6.9),anddelayedcarotidintima-mediathicknessprogression(meandifference:−0.05mm/year;95%CI:−0.08to−0.02).Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueFeatureReviewPapersinStrokeandCerebrovascularDisease)20pes,9201KiB OpenAccessArticleImprovingArtStyleClassificationThroughDataAugmentationUsingDiffusionModelsbyMiguelÁngelMartínMoyano,IvánGarcía-uilar,EzequielLópez-RubioandRafaelM.Luque-BaenaElectronics2024,13(24),5038;doi.org/10.3390/electronics(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractClassifyingpictorialstylesinartworksisacomplexchallengeduetothediversityandlackofailabledatasets,whichoftenlimittheperformanceofmachinelearningmodels.Toaddressthisissue,weproposeanoveldataaugmentationapproachusingDiffusionmodelsincontrast[...]Readmore.Classifyingpictorialstylesinartworksisacomplexchallengeduetothediversityandlackofailabledatasets,whichoftenlimittheperformanceofmachinelearningmodels.Toaddressthisissue,weproposeanoveldataaugmentationapproachusingDiffusionmodelsincontrasttotraditionalaugmentationtechniques.Ourmethodgeneratesnewsamplesbasedontheexistingdata,expandingtheailabledatasetandenhancingthegeneralizationcapabilityofclassificationmodels.Weevaluatetheeffectivenessofthisdataaugmentationtechniquebytrainingdeeplearningmodelswithvaryingproportionsofaugmentedandrealdataandassessingtheirperformanceinpictorialstyleclassification.OurresultsdemonstratethattheproposedDiffusionmodel-basedaugmentationsignificantlyimprovesclassificationaccuracy,suggestingthatitcanbeaviablesolutionforovercomingdatalimitationsinsimilarapplications.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueUsingDataAugmentationforVision-BasedDeepReinforcementLearning)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4---Figure5---Figure621pes,3013KiB OpenAccessReviewLab-on-a-ChipDevicesforNucleicAcidAnalysisinFoodSafetybyInaeLeeandHae-YeongKimMicromachines2024,15(12),1524;doi.org/10.3390/mi(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractLab-on-a-chip(LOC)deviceshebeendevelopedfornucleicacidanalysisbyintegratingcomplexlaboratoryfunctionsontoaminiaturizedchip,enablingrapid,cost-effective,andhighlysensitiveon-sitetesting.ThisreviewexaminestheapplicationofLOCtechnologyinfoodsafety,specificallyinthecontextof[...]Readmore.Lab-on-a-chip(LOC)deviceshebeendevelopedfornucleicacidanalysisbyintegratingcomplexlaboratoryfunctionsontoaminiaturizedchip,enablingrapid,cost-effective,andhighlysensitiveon-sitetesting.ThisreviewexaminestheapplicationofLOCtechnologyinfoodsafety,specificallyinthecontextofnucleicacid-basedanalysesfordetectingpathogensandcontaminants.Wefocusonmicrofluidic-basedLOCdevicesthatoptimizenucleicacidextractionandpurificationonthechiporamplificationanddetectionprocessesbasedonisothermalamplificationandpolymerasechainreaction.WealsoexploreadvancementsinintegratedLOCdevicesthatcombinenucleicacidextraction,amplification,anddetectionprocesseswithinasinglechiptominimizesamplepreparationtimeandenhancetestingaccuracy.Thereviewconcludeswithinsightsintofuturetrends,particularlythedevelopmentofportableLOCtechnologiesforrapidandefficientnucleicacidtestinginfoodsafety.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueAdvancesinMicrofluidicChipsforChemicalandBiomedicalApplications)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4---Scheme1attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,1161KiB)26pes,603KiB OpenAccessArticleGeneticVariantAnalysesIdentifyNovelCandidateAutismRiskGenesfromaHighlyConsanguineousCohortof104FamiliesfromOmanbyVijayGupta,AfifBen-Mahmoud,AhmedB.Idris,Jouke-JanHottenga,WesalHabbab,AbeerAlsayegh,Hyung-GooKim,WatfaAL-MamariandLawrenceW.StantonInt.J.Mol.Sci.2024,25(24),;doi.org/10.3390/ijms0(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractDeficitsinsocialcommunication,restrictedinterests,andrepetitivebehioursarehallmarksofautismspectrumdisorder(ASD).Despitehighgeneticheritability,themajorityofclinicallydinosedASDcasesheunknowngeneticorigins.Weperformedgenomesequencingonmothers,fathers,andaffectedindividualsfrom104[...]Readmore.Deficitsinsocialcommunication,restrictedinterests,andrepetitivebehioursarehallmarksofautismspectrumdisorder(ASD).Despitehighgeneticheritability,themajorityofclinicallydinosedASDcasesheunknowngeneticorigins.Weperformedgenomesequencingonmothers,fathers,andaffectedindividualsfrom104familieswithASDinOman,aMiddleEasterncountryunderrepresentedininternationalgeneticstudies.Thisapproachidentified48novelcandidategenessignificantlyassociatedwithASDinOman.Inparticular,35ofthesegeneshebeenpreviouslyimplicatedinneurodevelopmentaldisorders(NDDs)inotherpopulations,underscoringtheconservedgeneticbasisofASDacrossethnicities.Geneticvariantswithinthesecandidategenesthatwouldimpacttheencodedproteinincluded1insertion,4frameshift,6splicing,12nonsense,and67missensechanges.Notably,61%oftheSNVswerehomozygous,suggestingaprominentrecessivegeneticarchitectureforASDinthisuniquepopulation.ThescarcityofgeneticstudiesonASDintheArabianPeninsulahasimpededtheunderstandingoftheuniquegeneticlandscapeofASDinthisregion.ThesefindingshelpbridgethisknowledgegapandprovidevaluableinsightsintothecomplexgeneticbasisofASDinOman.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueMolecularPhysiologicalandPathologicalProgressionofNeurologicalDiseases)36pes,8819KiB OpenAccessReviewHarnessingRadiationforNanotechnology:AComprehensiveReviewofTechniques,Innovations,andApplicationbyMobinulIslam,Md.ShahriarAhmed,SuaYun,Hae-YongKimandKyung-WanNamNanomaterials2024,14(24),2051;doi.org/10.3390/nano(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractNanomaterialpropertiessuchassize,structure,andcompositioncanbecontrolledbymanipulatingradiation,suchasgammarays,X-rays,andelectronbeams.Thiscontrolallowsscientiststocreatematerialswithdesiredpropertiesthatcanbeusedinawiderangeofapplications,from[...]Readmore.Nanomaterialpropertiessuchassize,structure,andcompositioncanbecontrolledbymanipulatingradiation,suchasgammarays,X-rays,andelectronbeams.Thiscontrolallowsscientiststocreatematerialswithdesiredpropertiesthatcanbeusedinawiderangeofapplications,fromelectronicstomedicine.Thisuseofradiationfornanotechnologyisrevolutionizingthewaywedesignandmanufacturematerials.Additionally,radiation-inducednanomaterialsaremorecosteffectiveandenergyefficient.Thistechnologyisalsohingapositiveimpactontheenvironment,asmaterialsarebeingproducedwithfeweremissions,lessenergy,andlesswaste.Thiscutting-edgetechnologyisopeningupnewpossibilitiesandhasbecomeanattractiveoptionformanyindustries,frommedicaladvancementstoenergystore.Itisalsohelpingtomaketheworldabetterplacebyreducingourcarbonfootprintandpreservingnaturalresources.Thisreviewaimstometiculouslypointoutthesynthesisapproachandhighlightssignificantprogressingeneratingradiation-inducednanomaterialswithtunableandcomplexmorphologies.Thiscomprehensivereviewarticleisessentialforresearcherstodesigninnovativematerialsforadvancementsinhealthcare,electronics,energystore,andenvironmentalremediation.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueRadiationTechnologyinNanomaterials)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4---Figure5---Figure6---Figure7---Figure8---Figure9---Figure10---Figure11---Figure12---Figure13---Figure14---Figure15---Scheme1---Scheme2---Scheme3---Scheme4---Scheme5---Scheme6---Scheme7attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,378KiB)22pes,1171KiB OpenAccessArticleDiabeticNephropathy-AssociatedImpairedAorticFunctionIsNotMediatedbyMeanArterialPressureandItsDeterminantsbyHon-ChunHsu,MakabongweS’kholiweMazibuko,ChanelRobinson,NoluntuDlongolo,AngelaWoodiwiss,GloriaTeckie,GraceTadeandPatrickHectorDesseinJ.Clin.Med.2024,13(24),7827;doi.org/10.3390/jcm(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractObjective:Thestudyaimedtoassessthepotentialimpactsofmeanarterialpressure(MAP)anditsdeterminants(cardiacoutputandsystemicvascularresistance)ondiabeticnephropathy(DNP)-associatedimpairedaorticfunction.Methods:Thismulti-ethnicstudyincluded115chronickidneydisease(CKD)patients(67non-dialysis[...]Readmore.Objective:Thestudyaimedtoassessthepotentialimpactsofmeanarterialpressure(MAP)anditsdeterminants(cardiacoutputandsystemicvascularresistance)ondiabeticnephropathy(DNP)-associatedimpairedaorticfunction.Methods:Thismulti-ethnicstudyincluded115chronickidneydisease(CKD)patients(67non-dialysisand48dialysis).SixaorticfunctionmeasureswereevaluatedbySpygmoCor.Thestrokevolumewasdeterminedbyechocardiography.Results:Hypertensivenephropathy(HNP)(53.9%),DNP(32.2%),glomerulonephritis(19.1%),andHIV-associatednephropathy(7.8%)composedthemajorCKDetiologies.ConcurrentHNPandDNPwerepresentin31.1%ofthepatients.ParticipantswithcomparedwiththosewithoutconcurrentHNPandDNPexperiencedmorefrequentestablishedcardiovasculardisease(43.2%versus14.9%,p=0.01),afasterpulsewevelocity(p=0.001),andsmallertotalarterialcomplianceasanindicatorofproximalaorticstiffness(p=0.03).DNPwasassociatedwitheachaorticfunctionmeasure(p<0.001–0.02)independentofpotentialconfoundersandMAP,aswellasitsdeterminants.HNPwasnotrelatedtoaorticfunction(p>0.05forallrelationships).MAPanditsdeterminantsdidnotmediatethepotentialimpactofDNPonaorticfunction(−4.1–6.4%contribution).CovariatesthatwereassociatedwithimpairedaorticfunctionmeasuresincludedMAPanditsdeterminants(p<0.001–0.01).Conclusions:MeanordistendingarterialpressureanditsdeterminantswereassociatedwithimpairedaorticfunctionintheoverallCKDpopulation.However,thesehemodynamicfactorsdidnotmediateDNP-associatedimpairedaorticfunction.OurresultssuggestthatbloodpressureloweringcanbeanticipatedtoimproveimpairedaorticfunctionintheoverallCKDpopulationbutnotwhenitissolelyinducedbyDNP.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionNephrology&Urology)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,895KiB)23pes,KiB OpenAccessArticleC118PSuppressesGastricCancerGrowthviaPromotingAutophy–LysosomalDegradationofRAB1AbyShihuiWei,JingZhang,HaiWu,ZhengguangLiao,ZhengruiLiu,YuhangHou,DanyuDu,JingweiJiang,LiSun,ShengtaoYuanandMeiYangPharmaceutics2024,16(12),1620;doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractBackground/Objectives:Gastriccancer(GC)istheleadingcauseofcancer-relateddeathsworldwide.C118P,amicrotubuleinhibitorwithanti-angiogenicandvascular-disruptingactivities,wasproventobecytotoxictovariouscancercelllines.Thisstudyaimedtoexploretheanti-tumoreffectofC118Painst[...]Readmore.Background/Objectives:Gastriccancer(GC)istheleadingcauseofcancer-relateddeathsworldwide.C118P,amicrotubuleinhibitorwithanti-angiogenicandvascular-disruptingactivities,wasproventobecytotoxictovariouscancercelllines.Thisstudyaimedtoexploretheanti-tumoreffectofC118Painstgastriccancerandidentifyitspotentialtarget.Methods:TheMTTassay,colonyformationassay,andEdUincorporationassaywereusedtoevaluatetheeffectofC118PonGCcellproliferation.Cellcycleandcellapoptosisweremeasuredusingflowcytometry.Moleculardocking,amicroscalethermophoresis(MST)analysis,andthecellularthermalshiftassay(CETSA)wereusedtoinvestigatethebindingofC118PtoRAB1A.Autophy-relatedeffectswereevaluatedbyusingtheMDCstainingassay,immunofluorescenceassay,andimmunoblottingassay.TheSGC-7901celllinexenograftmousemodelwasusedtoconfirmtheanti-tumorefficacyofC118P.Results:C118Pdramaticallyinhibitedproliferation,inducedG2/Mcellcyclearrest,andtriggeredapoptosisinGCcelllinesHGC-27andSGC-7901.Mechanistically,C118PwasdemonstratedtobindwithRAB1AandreducetheRAB1Aproteinlevel,accompaniedbytheinhibitionofmTORC1signaling.Moreover,C118PinducedautophosomeformationandpromotedRAB1Aproteindegradationinanautophy–lysosomal-dependentmanner.TheinvivostudyverifiedthatC118PinhibitsGCgrowthbyinhibitingtheRAB1A-mTORaxis.Conclusions:OurfindingssuggestedthatC118PinhibitsGCgrowthbypromotingtheautophy–lysosomal-dependentdegradationofRAB1AandmodulatingmTORC1signaling.C118PshowspotentialasbeingasmallmoleculedrugeffectiveinthetreatmentofgastriccancerviatargetingRAB1A.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionDrugTargetingandDesign)attachmentSupplementarymaterial:SupplementaryFile1(ZIP,1535KiB)23pes,3717KiB OpenAccessArticleInfluenceofYeastInteractionsontheFermentationProcessandAromaProductioninSyntheticCocoaPulpvs.RealMucileMediabyLydieBesançon,DaLorn,ChristelleKouamé,JoëlGrabulos,MarcLebrun,AngéliqueFontana,SabineSchorr-Galindo,RenaudBoulanger,CarolineStrubandAlexandreColasdelaNoueFermentation2024,10(12),662;doi.org/10.3390/fermentation(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractCocoafermentationplaysakeyroleindefiningchocolate’sflor,withyeastsbeingcentraltothisprocess.Thisstudyaimedtoexploreintraspecificgeneticdiversityofmajorindigenousyeasts(i.e.,SaccharomycescerevisiaeandPichiakudrizevii),andtheirpotentialinteractioninthecocoa[...]Readmore.Cocoafermentationplaysakeyroleindefiningchocolate’sflor,withyeastsbeingcentraltothisprocess.Thisstudyaimedtoexploreintraspecificgeneticdiversityofmajorindigenousyeasts(i.e.,SaccharomycescerevisiaeandPichiakudrizevii),andtheirpotentialinteractioninthecocoapulpenvironment.Theirmetabolicintraspecificdiversitywascharacterizedinsyntheticcocoapulpmedium.Then,Saccharomycescerevisiae,Pichiakudrizevii,andotherstrainswereintroducedtoeachothertoevaluatetheirpotentialnegativeinteraction.Interestingstrainassociationswereselectedtofurtherexploretheirinteractioninsyntheticcocoapulpmediumaswellasrealfreshcocoapulp.FromafermentationcampaigninIvoryCoast,asetofSaccharomyces(S.)cerevisiaeandPichia(P.)kudrizeviistrainswereisolatedfrombatchesclassifiedaccordingtotheirchocolatequality(i.e.,standard,intermediate,orpremiumchocolate).Lessabundantspecies(i.e.,Torulasporafranciscae,Kluyveromycesmarxianus)werealsoisolatedandtestedfortheirpotentialnegativeinteractionswithS.cerevisiaeandP.kudrizevii.Asetofstrainswereselectedandculturedinsingleandinco-cultureinaminimalcocoapulpsyntheticmediumandinfreshcocoapulptohighlightpotentialpositiveand/ornegativeinteractionsregardingfermentativearomaprofile(i.e.,higheralcohols,acetateesters,medium-chainfattyacids,andethylesters).TheresultshighlightedthedominanceofS.cerevisiaeinfermentationkineticsandmedium-tolong-chainesterproduction,contrastedwithP.kudrizevii’sefficiencyinshort-chainestersynthesis.Intraspecificaromaprofilevariationscanbepointedout.Theco-culturesofP.kudrizeviiandS.cerevisiaestrainsisolatedfromthepremiumchocolatebatchhadapositiveimpactonthefermentedpulparomaprofile.NegativeinteractionswereobservedwithTorulasporafranciscae,whicheliminatedP.kudrizevii’saromaexpression.Finally,thecomparisonofthedataobtainedfortheminimalcocoapulpsyntheticmediumcomparedtothecocoapulpallowedustodrawconclusionsabouttheuseofsyntheticmediaforstudyingcocoafermentation.Thesefindingsemphasizethecomplexmicrobialinteractionsincocoafermentationthatcouldshapefuturecocoabeanaroma.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSpecialIssueDevelopmentandApplicationofStarterCultures,2ndEdition)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3---Figure4---Figure5---Figure619pes,876KiB OpenAccessReviewIncorporatingEnvironmentalSustainabilityandSupplyChainManementinContemporaryInteriorDesign:AStudyonChineseLandscapePaintingsbyJieMaandSafialAqbarBinZakariaBuildings2024,14(12),4071;doi.org/10.3390/buildings(registering DOI)-21Dec2024AbstractTheprimaryobjectiveofthisempiricalinvestigationwastocomprehensivelyexaminetheeconomic,environmental,andsocio-culturalfactorsthatexertasubstantialinfluenceonthecollectiveimpactofChineselandscapepaintingsandmodernistinteriordesign.Thestudyappliedacompleteeconometricframework,integratingunit[...]Readmore.Theprimaryobjectiveofthisempiricalinvestigationwastocomprehensivelyexaminetheeconomic,environmental,andsocio-culturalfactorsthatexertasubstantialinfluenceonthecollectiveimpactofChineselandscapepaintingsandmodernistinteriordesign.Thestudyappliedacompleteeconometricframework,integratingunitroottests,lselectioncriteria,andautoregressivedistributedl(ARDL)models.Theresultsindicateastatisticallysignificantandenduringassociationbetweenessentialfactors,suchascustomerdemand,priceelasticity,andsupplychaincosts.TheARDLmodelsdemonstratesignificantshort-termandlong-termeffects,asseenbythesubstantialR-squaredvaluesreaching84.4%.Thesefindingsconfirmthevariables’strengthandexplanatorycapabilityandincorporatestepwiseandrobustleastsquaresmodels,furthersupportingtheobtainedresults.Thepresentfindingsheimportantimplicationsforprofessionalsinvariousfieldsofartinteriordesign.Theresultsprovidevaluabledata-driveninsightsthatcaninformthecreationofsustainabilityandeconomicfeasibilityinthesedomains.Thisstudyisacrucialreferencepointforfutureacademicinquiriesandpracticalapplicationsintheinterdisciplinaryfieldsofart,design,andsupplychainmanement.Fullarticle(ThisarticlebelongstotheSectionArchitecturalDesign,UrbanScience,andRealEstate)9658;9660;ShowFiguresFigure1Figure2---Figure3MoreArticles...OpenAccessJournalsAcousticsActaMicrobiologicaHellenica(AMH)ActuatorsAdministrativeSciencesAdolescentsAdvancesinRespiratoryMedicine(ARM)AerobiologyAerospacericultureriEngineeringrochemicalsronomyAIAirAlgorithmsAllergiesAlloysAnalyticaAnalyticsAnatomiaAnesthesiaResearchAnimalsAntibioticsAntibodiesAntioxidantsAppliedBiosciencesAppliedMechanicsAppliedMicrobiologyAppliedNanoAppliedSciencesAppliedSystemInnovation(ASI)AppliedChemAppliedMathAquacultureJournalArchitectureArthropodaArtsAstronomyAtmosphereAtomsAudiologyResearchAutomationAxiomsBacteriaBatteriesBehioralSciencesBeveresBigDataandCognitiveComputing(BDCC)BioChemBioengineeringBiologicsBiologyBiologyandLifeSciencesForumBiomassBiomechanicsBioMedBiomedicinesBioMedInformaticsBiomimeticsBiomoleculesBiophysicaBiosensorsBioTechBirdsBlockchainsBrainSciencesBuildingsBusinessesCCancersCardiogeneticsCatalystsCellsCeramicsChallengesChemEngineeringChemistryChemistryProceedingsChemosensorsChildrenChipsCivilEngCleanTechnologies(CleanTechnol.)ClimateClinicalandTranslationalNeuroscience(CTN)ClinicalBioenergeticsClinicsandPracticeClocks&SleepCoastsCoatingsColloidsandInterfacesColorantsCommoditiesComplicationsCompoundsComputationComputerSciences&MathematiPer 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